ISSN 1016-5169 | E-ISSN 1308-4488
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DepressIon AmoNg CardiovaScular Disease Patients in Libya—PrEvalenCe and AssociaTions: INSPECT Study [Turk Kardiyol Dern Ars]
Turk Kardiyol Dern Ars. 2023; 51(4): 241-249 | DOI: 10.5543/tkda.2023.62296

DepressIon AmoNg CardiovaScular Disease Patients in Libya—PrEvalenCe and AssociaTions: INSPECT Study

Abdalraouf Omar1, Elham Omran Elgdhafi1, Omnia Dalli2, Aisha Baraka Mawan3, Maha Houman3, Hanine Elfelah3, Laila T. Sabei4
1Cardiology Department, Tripoli University Hospital, Tripoli, Libya; Albadri Polyclinic, Tripoli, Libya.
2Department Of Internal Medicine, Faculty Of Medicine, University Of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya
3Cardiology Department, Tripoli University Hospital, Tripoli, Libya.
4Community and family medicine department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tripoli. Tripoli, Libya.


OBJECTIVE
This study sought to assess the prevalence and identify factors associated with depression among patients with cardiovascular diseases and followed-up in a public teaching hospital.


METHODS
A cross-sectional study was conducted with a systematic random sample of 302 out-patients with cardiovascular diseases and followed-up in the cardiology outpatient department at Tripoli University Hospital. Stable adults (>18 years of age) were eligible to be included in this study. Face-to-face interviews were conducted to complete a questionnaire comprising questions on demographic, medical, and lifestyle issues besides the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 tool. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, Version 22, was used to analyze the data.


RESULTS
Age ranged between 29 and 84 years with a mean age of 60.6 ± 10.4 years; 60.6% were females and 75.8% were married. The highest prevalent morbidity was hypertension (76.2%) followed by diabetes mellitus (48%), ischemic heart disease (39%), and different types of arrhythmias (22.8%). About 59.3% of screened patients had different degrees of depression from mild to severe. The participants with a positive history of psychological problems, those complicated with cardiomyopathy, those who were females, patients with a history of cerebrovascular accident, and patients who were living alone were more likely to be depressed.


CONCLUSION
Prevalence of depression is found to be higher among patients with cardiovascular diseases and a family history of psychological illnesses, and cardiomyopathy had the highest contribution as independent predictor for depression. Screening of all patients with cardiovas-cular diseases is essential to identify and treat the patients at greater risk of depression.

Keywords: Cardiovascular diseases, depression risk factors, Libya, PHQ-9, prevalence of depression

How to cite this article
Abdalraouf Omar, Elham Omran Elgdhafi, Omnia Dalli, Aisha Baraka Mawan, Maha Houman, Hanine Elfelah, Laila T. Sabei. DepressIon AmoNg CardiovaScular Disease Patients in Libya—PrEvalenCe and AssociaTions: INSPECT Study. Turk Kardiyol Dern Ars. 2023; 51(4): 241-249

Corresponding Author: Abdalraouf Omar
Manuscript Language: English


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