The Prognostic Value of the Triglyceride-Glucose Index in Forecasting Ten-Year Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Non-Diabetic Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to explore the association between the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) over a ten-year period in non-diabetic patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI) undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

METHODS
We included 375 consecutive non-diabetic patients presenting with acute MI who underwent primary PCI. The TyG index was calculated and patients were divided based on a cut-off value of ≥ 8.84 into high and normal TyG index groups. The incidence of MACE, including all-cause mortality, target vessel revascularization, reinfarction, and rehospitalization for heart failure, was assessed over 10 years.

RESULTS
Over the next 10 years, patients who underwent PCI for acute MI experienced a significantly higher incidence of MACE in the group with a high TyG index (≥ 8.84) (p = 0.004). Multivariable analysis revealed that the TyG index independently predicted MACE in these patients (odds ratio = 1.64; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.22-2.21; p = 0.002). Analysis of the receiver operating characteristic curve indicated that the TyG index effectively predicted MACE in patients with acute MI following PCI, with an area under the curve of 0.562 (95% CI: 0.503-0.621; p = 0.038).

CONCLUSION
This study established a correlation between high TyG index levels and an elevated risk of MACE in non-diabetic patients with acute MI. The findings suggest that the TyG index could be a reliable indicator of clinical outcomes for non-diabetic acute MI patients undergoing PCI.